This is a case about the standard for proving retaliation in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. The statute’s focus is on prohibiting employment discrimination. But to ensure the effective enforcement of the statute, it also prohibits an employer from retaliating against a worker for complaining about employment discrimination (for example, by filing a complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the agency that enforces Title VII).
Title VII has been characterized...